CHAPTER 443: CHAPTER 442: BOSE CONDENSED STATE AND FERMI CONDENSED STATE

Bosons are basic particles with integer spins, including photons, gluons, gravitons, W and Z bosons...

Apart from having integer multiples of spins, these bosons share another characteristic: they are all fundamental particles that transmit forces. Among them, the photon is the carrier particle of electromagnetic force, gluons transmit strong force, gravitons transmit gravity, and W and Z bosons are carrier particles of the weak force.

Fermions are somewhat opposite to bosons, with spins being half-odd integers, and all fermions are basic particles that constitute matter, including leptons, electrons, quarks, neutrinos, etc. For example, molecules that we are familiar with are composed of atoms; atoms are made of atomic nuclei and electrons; the nucleus consists of protons and neutrons, which in turn are made up of quarks and neutrinos.

Therefore, if we take a more systematic view of bosons and fermions, we’ll see that bosons are essentially carrier particles of forces, the quanta of forces themselves, so bosons are of a pure energy form; fermions, on the other hand, are the basic particles that make up all matter, hence fermions are tangible materials. It is the combination and cooperation of these two types of particles that form the universe we live in.

This is not a coincidence, oh no, the universe was born from its own magical rules.

This point is also quite evident in the properties of bosons and fermions. All bosons can exist in the same quantum state simultaneously, which means they do not obey the Pauli Exclusion Principle; due to the spin of fermions, only one fermion can occupy any given quantum state, thus fermions comply with the Pauli Exclusion Principle.

Many people may not understand the Pauli Exclusion Principle, so let’s use a simple example: bosons are like a mild-tempered person who can share a bed with many others, but fermions are like a domineering person who, when on a bed, occupies it alone. This is the difference between bosons and fermions under the Pauli Exclusion Principle; bosons have the same or similar characteristics, while fermions do not, so they cannot exist in the same place at the same time.

It is precisely because of the preference in scientific research that there exist great differences between Bose Civilization and Fermi Civilization.

The Bose Civilization, based on the characteristics of bosons, proposed a utopian society where every individual is part of the collective, based on the collective as a unit, which also became the basic worldview of the Bose Civilization;

Fermi Civilization, in stark contrast, based on the characteristics of fermions, proposed a civilization system and theory advocating individualism, and such individualism has also become the worldview of Fermi Civilization.

Because of the complete opposition from basic particles to thoughts to ways of life, Bose Civilization and Fermi Civilization are absolutely incompatible and fundamentally in conflict. This is the fundamental reason why they started competing as soon as they discovered each other, and why there was never any sign of de-escalation because their natures are inherently opposite, the more they interacted, the more intense the confrontation became.

Naturally, the affiliated civilizations deeply influenced by Bose Thought and Fermi Thought are also extremely opposed to each other.

These affiliated civilizations were like the devout followers of radical religions, absolutely believing in their own gods and launching attacks against the heretics without hesitation.

The Lu’en Civilization and Jike Civilization, responsible for defensive arrangements at the front lines, after a bout of malicious bickering, were unable to control their anger and launched energy attacks at each other directly.

The Lu’en Civilization launched a "Bose Beam," a technique that compresses bosons to create energy weapons, which in principle is similar to the Wandering Alliance’s Quark Decoherence, Gravity Waves, electromagnetic guns, and other uses of pure energy; on the other hand, the Jike Civilization launched a "Fermi Beam," which, as the name suggests, is a technique that turns fermions into weapons, similar to the Wandering Alliance’s neutrino beam flow, Crown Hole Radiation, etc.

From this, it is clear that not only are the Bose Civilization and Fermi Civilization ideologically opposed, even their weapons are antithetical.

After signing the Technology Agreement, the affiliated civilizations of both sides were equipped with weapons provided by their respective alliance headquarters. However, these weapons were not the most advanced; since both Bose Civilization and Fermi Civilization had signed the Technology Agreement to maintain their leadership positions, they naturally would not easily distribute the most advanced weapons to the affiliated civilizations.

Thus, one can imagine that the weapons equipped by the affiliated civilizations are not very strong, and the power of the weapons usually stays at the same level.

As a result, after a fierce exchange of fire, the Lu’en Civilization and Jike Civilization both suffered heavy losses, each inflicting about 70% casualties on the other’s Planet Battle Star.

At this time, due to the conflict at the front line, civilizations from the rear came to support. These supporting civilizations, upon arriving at the scene and seeing such tremendous damage inflicted on their allies, acted without hesitation and opened fire directly on the opponents. Amidst a blinding flash, the Lu’en Civilization and Jike Civilization were completely annihilated by energy attacks from the supporting civilizations of the other side, leaving no survivors.

This action naturally intensified the conflict between the two supporting sides.

Thus, the civilizations that came to support on both sides, without saying a word, directly clashed with each other, with various colored energy weapons going back and forth between the Battle Stars of both sides, incredibly intense!

However, unlike the Lu’en Civilization and Jike Civilization, the supporting civilizations were equipped with somewhat stronger weapons, including the Bose Alliance’s civilizations decisively using the "Bose Condensed Cold Bomb," and the civilizations of the Fermi Alliance certainly not to be outdone, immediately using the "Fermi Condensed Cold Bomb."

In simple terms, Bose Condensed States and Fermi Condensed States are phenomena that occur when these particles approach Absolute Zero.

However, since one does not obey the Pauli Exclusion Principle and the other does, bosons can easily form a superfluid state of matter when they approach the extreme low temperatures close to Absolute Zero. In this state, almost all bosons gather in the lowest energy quantum state, forming a macroscopic quantum state.

Fermions, being bound by the Pauli Exclusion Principle, cannot occupy the same quantum state even at temperatures approaching Absolute Zero and thus cannot form a superfluid condensed state like the Bose Condensed State.

But the magic of science far exceeds imagination. With the advancement of science and technology, scientists of the Fermi Civilization have used a mechanism called Cooper pairs to bind fermions together, forming fermions with boson-like properties. In this way, fermions can occupy the lowest energy state when the temperature reaches the limit, as if everyone had agreed to walk to a certain place together, hence achieving the Fermi Condensed State, which seems theoretically impossible.

Of course, there are differences between Bose Condensed States and Fermi Condensed States.

Bose Condensed State is like all particles tacitly singing in unison, but Fermi Condensed State requires a particle to lead the choir before the others join in at the agreed time to start singing together, thereby eliminating individual differences.